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[Music]

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gone

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cape canaveral florida

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a captain aboard a new kind of ship

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about to sail on a new kind of ocean

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[Music]

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face

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airless endless

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alien to man

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but man is going there

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january 27 1962

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in a little while if all goes well

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astronaut john glenn will be rocketed

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aloft born into space on the shoulders

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of a 20th century atlas

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number 109 d

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at the base of the giant rocket

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and 85 feet above in the green room atop

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the gantry

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engineers and technicians have been busy

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throughout the night

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and for many days

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and nights and weeks

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and months before

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it began the day america decided to put

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a man into space

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created project mercury to get him there

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and safely back

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project mercury

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america's all-ahead

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all at once

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initial step in manned space exploration

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october 1958

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project mercury went to work

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assembled a team of scientists engineers

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and technicians

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to manage america's manned space flight

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programs

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to select and train the men who would be

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the free world's first space pilots the

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american industry went to work too

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in january 1959 mcdonnell aircraft was

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chosen to produce the mercury spacecraft

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to lift it into orbit project mercury

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the task of modifying atlas from a

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military missile

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to a man-rated orbital launch vehicle

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was assigned to general dynamics

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astronautics

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to the 4 000 mercury contractors and

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subcontractors

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to all america human life is priceless

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nothing was left to chance

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[Music]

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all systems each tiny component of each

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sub-system

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every switch every valve would have to

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function perfectly

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would have to be the very best in

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american scientific and engineering

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know-how could produce

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before the mercury atlas could be

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man-rated

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before it could carry an american

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astronaut safely into space

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safety a project mercury byward from the

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beginning

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the life of a human being would be at

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stake

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[Music]

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a positive escape mechanism an escape

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rocket

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systems to sustain life in space where

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there is no life

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to provide oxygen where there is no

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oxygen

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pressure where there is no pressure

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power for the spacecraft with seven

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miles of electrical circuits

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power for the in-flight control systems

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both automatic and manual

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power to fire the reverse rockets that

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slow the spacecraft and bring it back

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a shield against the blazing heat of

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reentry friction

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astronaut

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a new word for a new and demanding

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profession

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rigorous intensive training in new and

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[Music]

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high acceleration and reentry g loads in

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the human centrifuge

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[Music]

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then the opposite of g loads

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training and manual control of the

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practice roll

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pitch

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survival training every conceivable

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situation both normal

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astronautics a new science there were

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classes for the astronauts in astronomy

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meteorology geophysics rocketry

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astrophysics

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celestial navigation

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and there was plenty of homework

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there was other work too

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the astronauts participated as engineers

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in every aspect of the program

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each had a special area of

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responsibility in the development of

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project mercury

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[Music]

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tests that confirm the operation of

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spacecraft and booster systems in actual

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flight

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and when there were difficulties no one

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tried to hide them

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then when the tests indicated that

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everything was ready

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man was added

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may 5

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1961 astronaut alan b shepard became the

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all right

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indeed started

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free man was on his way into space

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first with redstone-powered ballistic

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flights downrange

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shepard in freedom seven

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and on july 25 1961

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astronaut virgil gus grissom in liberty

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bell seven

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these redstone flights paved the way for

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the atlas boosted orbital missions

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november 29 1961

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mercury atlas flight test number five

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[Music]

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and recovered unharmed

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confirming that the mercury spacecraft

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could sustain life in orbit

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proof provided by telemeter data

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collected at mercury tracking stations

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uh

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[Music]

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one hour after enos was recovered

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project mercury named astronaut john

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glenn to pilot america's first manned

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orbital flight

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pre-launch preparations had already

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begun

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lengthy detailed checkouts of the

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spacecraft systems

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tests of the electrical circuits

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the life support system

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pressure

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oxygen

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cooling

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outside on launch pad number 14 the

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atlas rocket

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atlas 109d

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launch time drew near

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the spacecraft was gently placed atop

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the rocket

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[Music]

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this would be a mission of science

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a mission of peace

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the name of the spacecraft

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friendship seven

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days and nights and weeks and months

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drew toward a climax

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it was january 27 1962 and the countdown

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for mercury atlas flight number six with

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john glenn at the controls was underway

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[Music]

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while the world watched and listened

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mercury's operation team made the

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difficult decision

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the flight would not go today because of

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[Music]

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five hours in the mercury spacecraft and

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it was still

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no go

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but there'd be another day

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february 20 1962

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a day free men will never forget

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2 45 a.m

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the countdown was underway again

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3 a.m

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mercury doctors agreed the astronaut was

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go

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medical sensors tiny devices to

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constantly monitor john glenn's physical

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4 30 a.m

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the count was t-minus 120 minutes and

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holding

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john glenn wriggled into his snug

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fitting spacesuit

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501 am

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[Music]

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6 a.m the long elevator ride up to the

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11th deck of the gantry where friendship

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foreign

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603 am

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[Music]

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six 25 a.m the count was resumed

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[Music]

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from nearby beaches

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thousands of visitors watched

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and from the press site a mile and a

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half from the launch pad

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hundreds of newsmen radio and television

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representatives broadcasted every

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drama-packed moment to the people of

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america and to every nation on earth

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7 52 am

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a broken hatch boat was repaired and the

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astronaut was sealed inside the

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spacecraft

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but alone only physically

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8 20 am the gantry was rolled back

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leaving mercury atlas flight number six

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poised like an arrow aimed at the

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heavens

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downrange the ships and aircraft of the

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8 58 am

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a hold was ordered while a broken valve

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in the liquid oxygen fueling system was

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repaired

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in the mercury control center the

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minutes ticked away

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9 23 am the count was picked up

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around the world the mercury tracking

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network reported condition green

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all mercury stations uh at t minus five

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side cone eight

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and just status and green light on

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replacement

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yeah red go ecs go

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go electrical go asus go arceus go stop

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go cm go cl

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go flight go tony go

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and the final moments

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t minus 30 seconds and counting

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you have firing signal

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god speed john glenn

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ten

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nine eight seven

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roger the clock is operating we're

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underway

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roger we're programming and roll okay

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little bumpy along about here

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roger eating a lot of pleasure roger

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coming in to hike you a little bit that

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little concrete went by the window or

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something there

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we're smoothing out some now getting out

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right here feels good through max q and

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smoothing out real fine

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guy looking very dark outside

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kevin pressure is holding at 6-1 okay

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roger kevin pleasure holding at 6-1

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coming up on two minutes

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and fuel is 102 101 oxygen 78-102

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these are building the six

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over

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he's starting to build again a little

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all

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[Music]

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all foliage is above two five

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all right you're reading your lot in

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class seven

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we're standing by for you roger gabe is

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zico

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is turning around

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kept tremendous around and i could see

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the booster during turn around just a

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couple of hundred yards behind me it was

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roger understand go for at least seven

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astronaut john glenn

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is in orbit

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100 miles above the atlantic

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17

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545 miles an hour

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five miles a second

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22 minutes after liftoff lunchtime in

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space

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over cano nigeria

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across the emerging nations of africa

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then

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zanzibar and out over the vast indian

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53 minutes after liftoff

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no symptoms whatsoever i feel fine over

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so just to my right i can see a big

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pattern of light

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apparently right on the coast uh

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i can see the outline of a town and a

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very bright light just to the south of

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00:22:07,029 --> 00:21:57,430
the world had turned its lights and its

298
00:22:13,110 --> 00:22:08,789
across the dark pacific and into the

299
00:22:15,669 --> 00:22:13,120
sunrise off the california coast

300
00:22:16,710 --> 00:22:15,679
and just as the as i look back up out

301
00:22:20,149 --> 00:22:16,720
the window

302
00:22:22,070 --> 00:22:20,159
i had uh literally thousands of small

303
00:22:24,230 --> 00:22:22,080
luminous particles

304
00:22:26,870 --> 00:22:24,240
swirling around the capsule and going

305
00:22:28,950 --> 00:22:26,880
away from me at maybe three to five

306
00:22:31,110 --> 00:22:28,960
miles per hour

307
00:22:32,630 --> 00:22:31,120
across the united states in eight

308
00:22:35,190 --> 00:22:32,640
minutes

309
00:22:37,830 --> 00:22:35,200
white sands new mexico corpus christi

310
00:22:40,070 --> 00:22:37,840
texas eglin florida

311
00:22:41,909 --> 00:22:40,080
cape canaveral

312
00:22:43,669 --> 00:22:41,919
the flight continues

313
00:22:52,330 --> 00:22:43,679
orbit number two

314
00:23:35,029 --> 00:23:10,390
[Music]

315
00:23:40,230 --> 00:23:36,950
go for the next orbit

316
00:23:46,270 --> 00:23:43,269
in mercury control a decision

317
00:23:59,900 --> 00:23:46,280
commit the spacecraft to a third orbit

318
00:24:06,870 --> 00:24:01,590
[Music]

319
00:24:11,430 --> 00:24:09,029
i can see the whole state of florida

320
00:24:12,630 --> 00:24:11,440
just laid out like on a map

321
00:24:14,390 --> 00:24:12,640
beautiful

322
00:24:16,070 --> 00:24:14,400
even from this position out here i can

323
00:24:17,750 --> 00:24:16,080
still see clear back to the mississippi

324
00:24:19,909 --> 00:24:17,760
delta

325
00:24:22,710 --> 00:24:19,919
orbit number three out in the atlantic

326
00:24:24,149 --> 00:24:22,720
the recovery forces are ready

327
00:24:26,789 --> 00:24:24,159
the atlantic

328
00:24:30,070 --> 00:24:26,799
columbus crossed it in three months

329
00:24:31,269 --> 00:24:30,080
lindbergh in 33 and a half hours

330
00:24:33,750 --> 00:24:31,279
john glenn

331
00:24:35,590 --> 00:24:33,760
in 14 minutes

332
00:24:37,669 --> 00:24:35,600
for the third time the mercury tracking

333
00:24:39,350 --> 00:24:37,679
network receives complete data from the

334
00:24:41,430 --> 00:24:39,360
spacecraft

335
00:24:43,350 --> 00:24:41,440
data which is instantly transmitted to

336
00:24:44,789 --> 00:24:43,360
the goddard space flight center near

337
00:24:47,350 --> 00:24:44,799
washington

338
00:24:49,590 --> 00:24:47,360
fed into the computers for reduction and

339
00:24:51,830 --> 00:24:49,600
immediate re-transmission to mercury

340
00:24:54,549 --> 00:24:51,840
control at cape canaveral

341
00:24:56,470 --> 00:24:54,559
the entire process requires less than 30

342
00:25:00,549 --> 00:24:56,480
seconds

343
00:25:05,110 --> 00:25:00,559
at cape canaveral the time is 1 43 p.m

344
00:25:07,590 --> 00:25:05,120
at mouche australia it's 1 43 a.m

345
00:25:10,470 --> 00:25:07,600
but no one is asleep

346
00:25:11,830 --> 00:25:10,480
now this is friendship 7 in 45 more

347
00:25:14,630 --> 00:25:11,840
seconds i'd like to have you send a

348
00:25:16,390 --> 00:25:14,640
message for me please over

349
00:25:19,269 --> 00:25:16,400
i want you to send a message to the

350
00:25:21,430 --> 00:25:19,279
director or to the commandant u.s marine

351
00:25:23,350 --> 00:25:21,440
corps in washington

352
00:25:25,750 --> 00:25:23,360
now tell him i have my four hours

353
00:25:27,990 --> 00:25:25,760
required flight time in for the month

354
00:25:29,830 --> 00:25:28,000
and request flight just beat badly for

355
00:25:31,430 --> 00:25:29,840
me over

356
00:25:33,510 --> 00:25:31,440
there

357
00:25:36,870 --> 00:25:33,520
for the third time john glenn sees the

358
00:25:38,390 --> 00:25:36,880
sun rise out of the trackless pacific

359
00:25:40,149 --> 00:25:38,400
then it is time to fire the retro

360
00:25:45,050 --> 00:25:40,159
rockets that will slow the spacecraft

361
00:25:45,060 --> 00:25:54,789
[Music]

362
00:25:59,110 --> 00:25:56,950
are they ever it feels like i'm going

363
00:26:00,789 --> 00:25:59,120
back toward hawaii

364
00:26:02,190 --> 00:26:00,799
the mercury team at cape canaveral

365
00:26:06,789 --> 00:26:02,200
reaches a crucial decision

366
00:26:10,390 --> 00:26:09,350
uh we have decided to re-enter with the

367
00:26:13,269 --> 00:26:10,400
pack on

368
00:26:14,470 --> 00:26:13,279
he will have to crank in the periscope

369
00:26:20,470 --> 00:26:14,480
manually

370
00:26:22,070 --> 00:26:20,480
which should be at a ground elapsed time

371
00:26:23,350 --> 00:26:22,080
of zero four

372
00:26:25,110 --> 00:26:23,360
four three

373
00:26:27,830 --> 00:26:25,120
five three

374
00:26:51,350 --> 00:26:27,840
can you give him that message please

375
00:27:04,630 --> 00:26:54,310
the minutes seem like ours

376
00:27:04,640 --> 00:27:19,110
okay

377
00:27:24,549 --> 00:27:21,269
feeling pretty well my condition is good

378
00:27:26,630 --> 00:27:24,559
but that was a real fireball boy

379
00:27:30,350 --> 00:27:26,640
i had great chunks of that retro pack

380
00:27:35,669 --> 00:27:33,190
uh within one mile of the upright

381
00:27:38,630 --> 00:27:35,679
victoria recovery weather is very good

382
00:27:41,110 --> 00:27:38,640
over roger understand princess seven uh

383
00:27:43,830 --> 00:27:41,120
going to drove early at the rocky

384
00:27:45,590 --> 00:27:43,840
side stroke came out

385
00:28:00,310 --> 00:27:45,600
throw give out

386
00:28:00,320 --> 00:28:14,950
roger

387
00:28:19,590 --> 00:28:17,190
shoot it out in reach condition at ten

388
00:28:21,269 --> 00:28:19,600
thousand eight hundred feet in beautiful

389
00:28:29,430 --> 00:28:21,279
shoot

390
00:28:31,669 --> 00:28:29,440
good

391
00:28:33,110 --> 00:28:31,679
rate of descent has gone to about 42

392
00:28:37,750 --> 00:28:33,120
feet per second

393
00:28:46,470 --> 00:28:39,269
the friendships have been standing by

394
00:28:50,549 --> 00:28:49,269
john glenn had kept as columbus and

395
00:28:51,990 --> 00:28:50,559
magellan

396
00:28:54,149 --> 00:28:52,000
sir francis drake and the wright

397
00:28:56,950 --> 00:28:54,159
brothers kept before him

398
00:29:00,149 --> 00:28:56,960
a rendezvous in time and history

399
00:29:03,269 --> 00:29:00,159
and the forward march of man

400
00:29:05,669 --> 00:29:03,279
after four hours and 56 minutes in space

401
00:29:14,789 --> 00:29:05,679
john glenn and friendship seven returned

402
00:29:19,669 --> 00:29:17,269
four hours and 56 minutes in space as

403
00:29:21,430 --> 00:29:19,679
the representative of all the members of

404
00:29:23,350 --> 00:29:21,440
the mercury team

405
00:29:25,510 --> 00:29:23,360
all the people of america

406
00:29:28,389 --> 00:29:25,520
and all men who treasure freedom

407
00:29:32,470 --> 00:29:30,389
the voyage of friendship seven marks

408
00:29:34,230 --> 00:29:32,480
only the end of the beginning of free